Extra Class Vocabulary (ECV)

 

well	/wel/	used to start a sentence, often when thinking or hesitating	Well, I’m not sure what to say.	ну (коли думаєш, вагаєшся)
so	/səʊ/	used to introduce a result, explanation, or next point	So, let’s begin the lesson.	ну / отже (перехід до думки)
you know	/juː nəʊ/	used to involve the listener or fill pauses in speech	It’s difficult, you know.	ну, розумієш
I mean	/aɪ miːn/	used to clarify or correct what you said	I mean, it wasn’t that bad.	ну, тобто
out loud	/aʊt laʊd/	in a way that can be heard, not silently	She read the text out loud.	вголос
practice makes perfect	/ˈpræktɪs meɪks ˈpɜːfɪkt/	a saying meaning that doing something often leads to improvement	Keep going — practice makes perfect.	повторення — мати навчання / усе приходить із практикою

hold on	/həʊld ɒn/	to wait for a short time; to stay calm and not give up	Hold on a minute, I’m finishing this email.	зачекай; тримайся
for a while	/fə(r) ə waɪl/	for a period of time, usually not very long	We sat in silence for a while before speaking again.	деякий час
after a while	/ˈɑːftə(r) ə waɪl/	after some time has passed	After a while, she started to feel more confident.	через деякий час; згодом
unfamiliar	/ˌʌnfəˈmɪliə(r)/	not known to you; not recognized or experienced before	I felt nervous in the unfamiliar city.	незнайомий; незвичний
familiar	/fəˈmɪliə(r)/	easy to recognize because you know it well	Her voice sounded familiar, but I couldn’t remember her name.	знайомий; звичний
get	/ɡet/	to understand something; to know what someone means	I didn’t get the joke at first.	розуміти; втямити
reckon	/ˈrekən/	to think or believe; to calculate (informal, especially British)	I reckon it’ll rain later, so take an umbrella.	вважати; гадати; підраховувати
get along with	/ɡet əˈlɒŋ wɪð/	to have a friendly relationship with someone	She really gets along with her colleagues.	ладнати з; добре уживатися з
day off	/ˌdeɪ ˈɒf/	a day when you do not work or study	I’m taking a day off on Friday to relax.	вихідний; вільний день
rely on	/rɪˈlaɪ ɒn/	to need or trust someone or something for help or support	Many students rely on online resources now.	покладатися на; розраховувати на
appropriate	/əˈprəʊpriət/	suitable or right for a particular situation or purpose	This is an appropriate time to discuss the plan.	підходящий; доречний; відповідний
inappropriate	/ˌɪnəˈprəʊpriət/	not suitable or not right for a particular situation or purpose	It was an inappropriate moment to interrupt her.	непідходящий; недоречний; невідповідний

 

I think	/aɪ θɪŋk/	I believe / in my opinion	I think he is right.	Я думаю / я вважаю. Найнейтральніший і найуживаніший варіант.
I reckon	/aɪ ˈrekən/	I suppose / I estimate	I reckon it’ll take an hour.	Я так думаю / прикидаю. Розмовно, частіше BrE або південь США.
I guess	/aɪ ɡes/	I suppose / maybe	I guess she’s busy.	Думаю / мабуть / здогадуюсь. Менш впевнено, м’якше звучить.
I figure	/aɪ ˈfɪɡjər/	I think after considering facts	I figure we should leave early.	Я думаю / прикидаю логічно. Дуже поширено в американській англійській.
I get	/aɪ ɡet/	I understand	I get what you mean now.	Я розумію.

test	/test/	a set of questions or exercises to measure knowledge or ability	We have an English test on Friday.	тест, контрольна робота
quiz	/kwɪz/	a short informal test	The teacher gave us a vocabulary quiz.	короткий тест
exam	/ɪɡˈzæm/	an important formal test	Students are preparing for the final exam.	іспит, екзамен
grade	/ɡreɪd/	a mark given for school work or a test	She got a high grade in maths.	оцінка, бал
mark	/mɑːk/	a score given for an answer or piece of work	I got full marks for grammar.	оцінка, бал
score	/skɔːr/	the number of points achieved in a test	His score was 18 out of 20.	результат, кількість балів
pass	/pɑːs/	to succeed in a test or exam	I hope I pass the exam.	скласти, здати успішно
fail	/feɪl/	to be unsuccessful in a test or exam	He failed the test and will retake it.	провалити, не скласти
retake	/ˌriːˈteɪk/	to take a test again	She will retake the exam next week.	перездати, складати повторно
revision	/rɪˈvɪʒ.ən/	study done to prepare for an exam	I need more revision before Monday.	повторення, підготовка
check	/tʃek/	to examine answers or work to see if they are correct	The teacher will check our homework tomorrow.	перевіряти
assessment	/əˈses.mənt/	the process of judging a student’s progress or ability	This task is part of your speaking assessment.	оцінювання, перевірка знань
diagnostic test	/ˌdaɪ.əɡˈnɒs.tɪk test/	a test used to find a learner’s level, strengths, and weaknesses before or during a course	We’ll start with a diagnostic test to see what grammar you need to improve.	діагностичний тест, тест для визначення рівня знань
oral test	/ˈɔː.rəl test/	a test in which a student answers questions by speaking instead of writing	Tomorrow we’ll have an oral test on irregular verbs.	усний тест, усне опитування, усне тестування
Olympiad	/əˈlɪm.pi.æd/	an academic competition in a school subject, in which students compete by showing their knowledge and skills	She won first place in the English Olympiad last year.	олімпіада, предметне змагання

fun	/fʌn/	enjoyment, pleasure, or something enjoyable	The lesson was difficult, but it was still fun.	веселощі, задоволення, приємне заняття
funny	/ˈfʌn.i/	making you laugh, or strange and surprising	He told a funny story during the lesson.	смішний, кумедний, дивний
neighborhood	/ˈneɪ.bə.hʊd/	the area of a town where people live, especially the area near you	It is a peaceful neighborhood with small parks.	район, околиця, житловий район
have a fever	/hæv ə ˈfiː.vər/	to have a body temperature higher than normal because of illness; common and natural, especially in American English	I think I have a fever, so I’ll stay at home today.	мати температуру, гарячкувати, бути з температурою
have a temperature	/hæv ə ˈtem.prə.tʃər/	to have a high temperature because of illness; very common everyday phrase in British English	My son has a temperature, so he won’t go to school.	мати температуру, бути з температурою
theoretical	/ˌθɪə.rɪˈet.ɪ.kəl/	based on ideas or principles rather than practical experience	The book gives theoretical knowledge and practical advice.	теоретичний
turn a blind eye to	/ˌtɜːn ə blaɪnd ˈaɪ tuː/	to pretend not to notice something wrong, illegal, or unfair	Some teachers turn a blind eye to students using phones in class.	закрити очі на щось, ігнорувати свідомо

P.S.
✅ I have a temperature — правильно, как идиома.
✅ I have a fever — очень естественно.

beads	/biːdz/	small decorative balls with holes used for jewellery or crafts	She bought colorful beads to make a bracelet.	бісер, намистинки
beading	/ˈbiː.dɪŋ/	the activity of decorating or making things with beads	Beading requires patience and good eyesight.	бісероплетіння, робота з бісером
bead embroidery	/biːd ɪmˈbrɔɪ.dər.i/	the art of decorating fabric by sewing beads onto it	Many traditional dresses are украшені with beautiful bead embroidery.	вишивка бісером
be all set	/bi ɔːl set/	to be completely ready	We are all set for the lesson.	бути повністю готовим
be good to go	/bi ɡʊd tə ɡəʊ/	to be ready to start or leave	The students are good to go after a short break.	бути готовим починати / вирушати
chatterbox	/ˈtʃæt.ə.bɒks/	a person who talks a lot	My niece is such a little chatterbox.	балакун, базіка
point of view	/ˌpɔɪnt əv ˈvjuː/	opinion or way of thinking about something	From my point of view, online learning can be useful.	точка зору
in spring	/ɪn sprɪŋ/	during the spring season generally	Many flowers bloom in spring.	навесні (загалом)
in the spring	/ɪn ðə sprɪŋ/	in a particular spring or when referring more specifically	We moved to Kharkiv in the spring of 2020.	навесні (конкретного року / періоду)

likewise	/ˈlaɪk.waɪz/	in the same way; used to say that you feel the same as someone else	“Nice to meet you.” — “Likewise.”	взаимно, так же
in front of	/ɪn ˈfrʌnt əv/	in a position before something or someone, facing it	He parked the car in front of the house.	перед (чем-то/кем-то)
It’s my jam	/ɪts maɪ dʒæm/	something you really like or enjoy doing	This song is my jam — I listen to it every day.	это моё любимое, мне очень нравится

it feels like a shame	/ɪt fiːlz laɪk ə ʃeɪm/	used to say that something seems sad or disappointing	It feels like a shame to waste so much time on unnecessary tasks.	це шкода
photoshoot	/ˈfəʊtəʊʃuːt/	a session in which a photographer takes photos of someone or something	The company organized a professional photoshoot for their new product.	фотосесія
ordinary	/ˈɔːdɪnəri/	not special or different in any way	The graph shows a steady increase rather than any ordinary fluctuation.	звичайний
boss around	/bɒs əˈraʊnd/	to tell someone what to do in an annoying way	She tends to boss people around when working in a team.	командувати, помикати
freak out	/friːk aʊt/	to become very emotional or lose control	Many students freak out before important exams.	панікувати, втрачати контроль
put off	/pʊt ɒf/	to delay doing something	They decided to put off the meeting until next week.	відкладати
postpone	/pəˈspəʊn/	to delay an event to a later time (formal)	The conference was postponed due to unexpected issues.	переносити (на пізніше)
yell at	/jel æt/	to shout angrily at someone	He yelled at his colleague during the argument.	кричати на когось
in some cases	/ɪn sʌm ˈkeɪsɪz/	in certain situations or examples	In some cases, students perform better under pressure.	у деяких випадках
violet	/ˈvaɪələt/	a small plant with purple or blue flowers, or the color itself	She picked a small violet and placed it in a glass of water.	фіалка
crafts	/krɑːfts/	activities involving making things by hand	She enjoys doing crafts in her free time to relax.

doctor’s note	/ˌdɒk.təz ˈnəʊt/	a written statement from a doctor confirming that someone was ill; commonly used in schools and workplaces	The school asked for a doctor’s note after her absence last week.	довідка від лікаря
sick note (BrE)	/ˈsɪk ˌnəʊt/	the British English term for a medical document confirming that a person is ill and cannot work or study. In American English, people more often say doctor’s note or medical certificate.	He had to bring a sick note to his employer after missing several days of work.	лікарняна довідка, довідка про хворобу
individual	/ˌɪn.dɪˈvɪdʒ.u.əl/	relating to one specific person or thing considered separately from others. Often used in education, psychology, business, or official contexts.	Every student has different individual learning needs.	індивідуальний, окремий
personal	/ˈpɜː.sən.əl/	relating to someone’s private life, feelings, opinions, or own experience. Unlike individual, it sounds more emotional, private, or connected to personality and relationships.	That’s a very personal question, so she didn’t want to answer it.	особистий, приватний
ballroom dancing	/ˌbɔːl.ruːm ˈdɑːn.sɪŋ/	a style of formal dancing done with a partner, such as the waltz or tango	She started taking ballroom dancing lessons before the wedding.	бальні танці
choreography	/ˌkɒr.iˈɒɡ.rə.fi/	the art of designing dance movements and sequences.	The choreography in the performance was incredibly creative and emotional.	хореографія, постановка танцю
environment	/ɪnˈvaɪ.rən.mənt/	the general conditions, influences, or surroundings in which people live, work, or develop. Often used for social, educational, natural, or professional context. More abstract and broad than surroundings.	A supportive learning environment helps students feel more confident.	середовище, оточення
surroundings	/səˈraʊn.dɪŋz/	the physical things and places around someone. Unlike environment, it usually refers to visible or immediate physical space.	The hotel was famous for its peaceful natural surroundings.	околиці, навколишня обстановка, оточення
air raid alarm	/ˈeə ˌreɪd əˌlɑːm/	a warning signal telling people that there may be an air attack or missile strike	The lesson was interrupted by an air raid alarm.	повітряна тривога
underground shelter	/ˌʌn.dəˌɡraʊnd ˈʃel.tər/	a protected place below ground where people can hide during attacks, bombings, or emergencies	During the missile attack, residents stayed in an underground shelter for several hours.	підземне укриття

to be exhausted	/tuː bi ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/	to be extremely tired physically or mentally	After working and studying all week, she was completely exhausted by Friday evening.	бути виснаженим, бути дуже втомленим
be swamped	/bi swɒmpt/	to have more work or problems than you can easily deal with	I’m absolutely swamped with reports and meetings this week, so I barely have time to rest.	бути заваленим справами, бути перевантаженим
fringe	/frɪndʒ/	the front part of the hair cut so that it hangs over the forehead (British English)	She cut her fringe shorter because it kept getting into her eyes.	чубчик
forehead	/ˈfɔːhed/	the flat part of the face above the eyes and below the hair	He touched his forehead to check whether he had a fever.	лоб
to be supposed to	/tə bi səˈpəʊzd tuː/	used to say what is expected, required, or intended to happen	Students are supposed to submit their essays before the deadline.	мати щось зробити за правилами, очікується, передбачається

promise	/ˈprɒmɪs/	to tell someone you will definitely do something	I promise I’ll help you.	обіцяти
assume	/əˈsjuːm/	to think something is true without having proof	Don’t assume too much.	припускати
do a test	/duː ə test/	to complete or work on a test	We had to do a test in class.	виконувати тест
take a test	/teɪk ə test/	to participate in a test or exam	She’s going to take a test tomorrow.	складати тест
pass a test	/pɑːs ə test/	to succeed in a test or exam	He finally passed the test.	скласти тест успішно
tiny details	/ˈtaɪni ˈdiːteɪlz/	very small or barely noticeable details	She notices all the tiny details.	дрібні деталі
explain	/ɪkˈspleɪn/	to make something clear or easy to understand	Can you explain this?	пояснювати
explanation	/ˌekspləˈneɪʃən/	a statement that makes something clear	His explanation was clear.	пояснення
brush up on	/brʌʃ ʌp ɒn/	to improve or refresh knowledge of something	I need to brush up on my grammar.	освіжити знання
off-the-cuff	/ˌɒfðəˈkʌf/	said or done without preparation	He made an off-the-cuff comment.	імпровізований
offhand	/ˌɒfˈhænd/	said without much thought or interest	She gave an offhand reply.	недбалий / мимохідь
impromptu	/ɪmˈprɒmptjuː/	done suddenly without being planned	They had an impromptu discussion.	спонтанний

do a test = що ти РОБИШ усередині тесту

take a test = що ти ПРОХОДИШ як подію

pass a test = результат 

head teacher	/ˌhed ˈtiː.tʃər/	The person in charge of a school, especially in British English.	The head teacher spoke to the parents about the new school rules. Usually means директор школи in the UK. The word still sounds connected with the teaching profession and school life.	директор школи
principal	/ˈprɪn.sə.pəl/	The person in charge of a school, especially in American English.	The principal called a meeting with the teachers. In the US, this is the normal word for директор школи. It sounds more administrative. In some countries, principal can also mean the head of a college or institution.	директор школи; керівник навчального закладу
go shopping	/ɡəʊ ˈʃɒp.ɪŋ/ UK /ɡoʊ ˈʃɑː.pɪŋ/ US	To go to shops, often for pleasure or to buy different things.	We went shopping on Saturday and bought some clothes. Means the activity/process: walking around shops, choosing things, maybe enjoying it. It does not always mean buying necessary food.	піти по магазинах; ходити по магазинах
do the shopping	/duː ðə ˈʃɒp.ɪŋ/ UK /duː ðə ˈʃɑː.pɪŋ/ US	To buy the things that are needed, especially food and household items.	I usually do the shopping on Friday after work. Means a practical household task: buying groceries or necessary things. Less about pleasure, more about responsibility.	закупитися; купити продукти / необхідні речі

costume jewelry / fashion jewelry	/ˈkɒs.tjuːm ˈdʒuː.əl.ri/ ; /ˈfæʃ.ən ˈdʒuː.əl.ri/	Costume jewelry is the classic term for jewelry made from non-precious materials. Fashion jewelry sounds more modern and stylish and is often used in advertising and fashion industries.	She prefers fashion jewelry because it looks trendy but isn’t too expensive.	біжутерія
highlight of (the day)	/ˈhaɪ.laɪt əv ðə deɪ/	the best, most exciting, or most memorable part of the day	Meeting my old friend was the highlight of the day.	найкращий момент (дня)
I’m running late	/aɪm ˌrʌn.ɪŋ ˈleɪt/	a common informal phrase meaning you are going to arrive later than expected	Sorry, I’m running late because of traffic.	Я запізнююся

eventful	/ɪˈventfəl/	full of interesting or important events	We had an eventful week full of surprises.	насичений подіями
saturated (with)	/ˈsætʃəreɪtɪd/	completely filled or overloaded with something; more intense and figurative than eventful	The month was saturated with dramatic events.	перенасичений, переповнений
no comments	/ˌnəʊ ˈkɒment/	used when someone refuses to answer	When journalists asked him, he said, “No comment.”	без коментарів
no problems	/ˌnəʊ ˈprɒbləm/	used to say that something is easy or acceptable	“Can you help me?” — “No problem.”	без проблем
no doubts	/ˌnəʊ ˈdaʊt/	certainly; probably	She will no doubt call you later.	без сумніву
development	/dɪˈveləpmənt/	growth, progress, change into a more advanced form	The company invested in staff development.	розвиток
develop	/dɪˈveləp/	to grow or improve gradually	She wants to develop her speaking skills.	розвивати(ся)
self-development	/ˌself dɪˈveləpmənt/	the process of improving yourself	He spends a lot of time on self-development.	саморозвиток
pace	/peɪs/	speed or rate of movement or progress	I couldn’t keep up with the pace of the course.	темп
very you	/ˌveri ˈjuː/	typical of your personality, style, or character	That outfit is very you.	це дуже в твоєму стилі
the very book	/ðə ˈveri bʊk/	the exact book being referred to	This is the very book I was looking for.	та сама книга
the very teacher	/ðə ˈveri ˈtiːtʃə/	emphasizing the exact teacher/person	She was the very teacher who inspired me.	той самий учитель

beloved	/bɪˈlʌvɪd/	loved very much; dearly loved	Her beloved grandmother taught her how to cook.	улюблений, дорогий серцю, коханий
favorite	/ˈfeɪvərɪt/	liked more than any other person or thing	This is my favorite book of all time.	улюблений (той, який подобається найбільше)
put on deodorant	/pʊt ɒn diˈəʊdərənt/	to apply deodorant to your body	Don't forget to put on deodorant before you head out.	наносити дезодорант
grab	/ɡræb/	to take or get something quickly	Let's grab a coffee before the lesson.	схопити; швидко взяти; заскочити за чимось
head out	/hed aʊt/	to leave a place and go somewhere	We should head out before the traffic gets worse.	вирушати; виходити; відправлятися
the other night	/ði ˌʌðə ˈnaɪt/	on a recent night, not tonight	I saw an old friend the other night.	нещодавно ввечері; днями ввечері

loud and clearly	/laʊd ənd ˈklɪə.li/	In a way that is easy to hear and understand.	Please speak loud and clearly so that everyone can hear you.	голосно і чітко
run errands	/rʌn ˈer.əndz/	To go out and do several small jobs, such as shopping or delivering things.	I need to run some errands before going to work.	виконувати дрібні доручення; бігати у справах; хлопотати по дому
on the bottom	/ɒn ðə ˈbɒt.əm/	In or at the lowest position.	The batteries are on the bottom shelf.	внизу; на нижній частині
on the top	/ɒn ðə tɒp/	In or at the highest position.	The old books are on the top shelf.	вгорі; на верхній частині
check out	/tʃek aʊt/	To look at, examine, or get information about something; also to leave a hotel after paying.	You should check out that documentary.	подивитися; перевірити; оглянути; виписатися з готелю
check-out	/ˈtʃek.aʊt/	The place in a shop where customers pay for their purchases.	There was a long queue at the check-out.	каса; зона розрахунку в магазині
checkout	/ˈtʃek.aʊt/	The process or page where a customer completes an online purchase.	I entered my address during checkout.	оформлення замовлення; процес оплати онлайн
take turns	/teɪk tɜːnz/	To do something one after another rather than at the same time.	We take turns washing the dishes.	робити щось по черзі
unwind	/ʌnˈwaɪnd/	To relax after work or a stressful activity.	I like listening to music to unwind in the evening.	розвіятись; розслабитися; відпочивати
tuck somebody in	/tʌk ˌsʌm.bə.di ˈɪn/	To make someone comfortable in bed by arranging the blankets around them.	She tucked her daughter in and read her a story.	укладати когось у ліжко (підгорнувши ковдру)

depend on	/dɪˈpend ɒn/	To need the support, help, or presence of someone or something. Always used with the preposition ON.	Success often depends on hard work and consistency.	залежати від
author	/ˈɔː.θər/	A person who writes books, articles, or other texts.	The author of this novel won several awards.	автор
title	/ˈtaɪ.təl/	The name of a book, film, article, song, or other work.	What is the title of the book you are reading?	назва, заголовок
novel	/ˈnɒv.əl/	A long written story about imaginary characters and events.	She is writing her first novel.	роман
porridge	/ˈpɒr.ɪdʒ/	A soft food made by boiling grains in milk or water. Often translated as "каша", but without clarification most English speakers will imagine oatmeal (овсяна каша). Examples: rice porridge (рисова каша), buckwheat porridge (гречана каша).	I usually have porridge for breakfast.	каша (зазвичай мається на увазі вівсяна каша)
diary	/ˈdaɪə.ri/	A book in which you write about your experiences, thoughts, and feelings.	She writes in her diary every evening.	щоденник (особистий)
wee hours	/ˌwiː ˈaʊəz/	The very early hours of the morning, usually after midnight and before sunrise.	We were still talking in the wee hours of the morning.	ранні години ночі, глупа ніч
in a row	/ɪn ə rəʊ/	Happening one after another without interruption.	He won three games in a row.	поспіль, підряд Послідовно, поспіль; між подіями може бути звичайний проміжок часу
back-to-back	/ˌbæk.təˈbæk/	Happening one immediately after another, with no break between them.	I had two meetings back-to-back all afternoon.	один за одним без перерви, підряд Без жодної перерви між подіями

on holiday(s)	/ɒn ˈhɒlədeɪz/	spending time away from work or school for a vacation	We're on holiday in Spain this week.	у відпустці, на канікулах
pace	/peɪs/	the speed at which someone walks, runs, or does something	She walked at a steady pace.	темп, швидкість
burn off calories	/bɜːrn ɒf ˈkæləriz/	to use energy through exercise so that calories are consumed	A long walk helps burn off calories.	спалювати калорії
accurate	/ˈækjərət/	correct and exact; free from mistakes	The results were surprisingly accurate.	точний
measure	/ˈmeʒər/	to find the size, amount, or degree of something	We measured the room before buying furniture.	вимірювати
be a credit to	/bi ə ˈkredɪt tuː/	to make someone proud because of good qualities or achievements	She's a credit to her family.	бути гордістю когось